Our results indicate that the pattern of CMV-CTL apparently changed inversely to that of WT1-CTL, and high expression of TIM-3 and PD-1 on CMV-CTL or WT1-CTL seemed to correlate with positive MRD and later leukemia relapse, maybe as the result from type I IFN-induced apoptosis of memory cells early after infections (66–69). The gene discussed is WT1; the disease is leukemia.