Ha et al. found that the α1-adrenergic receptor (α1-AR)/TG2-mediated signaling pathway upregulated the expression of GD3S via the activation of the transcription factors CREB, AP-1, and NF-κB as well as PKCs α and δ in CML K562 cells. The gene discussed is TGM2; the disease is chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.