CLDN1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Although CKP did not exhibit any lowering effect on gut permeability, it did enhance the expression of some barrier-forming genes (CLDN1 and CLDN4), which could likely be due to the reason that CKP induced highest bacterial diversity with upregulation of many beneficial genera in beside some other selected genera namely, Tyzzerella and Oscillibacter, which have earlier been associated with obesity and impaired gut permeability (3).