Biomarker analysis from CTONG 1104 showed that patients harbouring different co-mutations or T cell receptors would influence overall survival.30,31 Collectively, these data support the use of perioperative targeted therapy, instead of chemotherapy, as the preferred treatment option for patients with resectable stage IIIA-N2 EGFR-mutant NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.