We finally chose the gene combination “RPTN, IGSF10” as a diagnostic signature to predict the probability of a OPMD becoming SCC because RPTN and IGSF10 were independent predictors of outcome and had statistically significant correlations with the sample groups (OPMD or SCC), with p-values equal to 1.4E-3 and 2.8E-3, respectively (Table S10). The gene discussed is RPTN; the disease is oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.