In conclusion, our results suggest that TBFS may ameliorate COPD glucocorticoid resistance by targeting key genes such as AKT1, IL-6, TNF, TP53, and IL1-β and regulating signaling pathways such as the PI3K-Akt, TNF, and IL-17 signaling pathways. Here, TP53 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.