TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: The major pathways are TGF-β/Smads, p38 MAPK, Wnt/β-Catenin, Gprotein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK), and Hippo [31], among which the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway is most closely associated with myocardial fibrosis formation and is the key to the prevention and treatment of myocardial fibrosis [32].