WHO, World Health Organization; ICU, intensive care unit; DM, diabetes mellitus, HT, hypertension; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive lung disease; CLD, chronic liver disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; CK, creatine kinase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CT, computed tomography. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.