TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: After effective intervention of drugs and exercise on myocardial fibrosis, the degree of myocardial fibrosis is reduced, the TGFβ-1-Smad pathway in the myocardium is inhibited, the expression level of CTGF is reduced, the balance between MMPs and TIMPs is adjusted, and the increase in collagen fiber deposition is avoided (14, 43).