Moreover, following stratification of patients into early versus established disease (early RA being defined as within 12 months of disease diagnosis without prior small or large molecule disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) usage while established RA had received small molecule DMARDs or anti-TNFα treatments), we demonstrated significant dysregulation of several mTOR components in both early and established RA (LAMTOR3, SLC38A9, RRAGC, AKT1, AKT2, LAMTOR1—Supplementary Figure 1). Here, AKT1 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.