Of note, previous studies showed that complete response (CR) could be achieved in early-stage lung cancer with EGFR-TKIs as neoadjuvant treatment (10), whereas EGFR-TKIs rarely induced CR among patients with advanced NSCLC (11–13), for which a highly immune suppressive microenvironment was established (14). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.