The 10 anti-COVID-19 core targets (AKT1, TNF, HSP90AA1, IL-6, mTOR, EGFR, CASP3, HIF1A, MAPK3, and MAPK1), three molecular pathways (the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, and the pathways in cancer) and three active phytonutrients (4,8-dimethoxy-1-vinyl-beta-carboline, Trichilinin D, and Nimbolin B) were identified as molecular targets, molecular pathways, and key active phytonutrients of the Meliae cortex, respectively that significantly contribute to alleviating COVID-19. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is COVID-19.