CASP3 and COVID-19: In addition, cluster 1 confirms the existence of the top ten potential anti-COVID-19 core targets (AKT1, TNF, HSP90AA1, IL-6, mTOR, EGFR, CASP3, HIF1A, MAPK3, and MAPK1); consequently, the results of the PPI and cluster network analyses are congruent.