In children, anti-GAD antibodies are associated with limbic encephalitis, extralimbic encephalitis including ADEM, and epilepsy (Korff et al., 2011; Mishra et al., 2014; Incecik et al., 2015; Ben Achour et al., 2018; Ren et al., 2021; Sabanathan et al., 2022). Here, GAD1 is linked to epilepsy.