Normal Bactrian camel plasma-derived exosomes may inhibit the growth of HCC cells through regulating pathways of Ras, Ras-Association Proximate 1 (Rap1), phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and canonical Wnt signaling pathways. Here, AKT1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.