Indeed, previous studies using human postmortem brain tissue from individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia have reported significant decreases in total BDNF mRNA (12, 27–29), splice variant transcripts (30, 31) as well as reductions in BDNF protein levels [28, 31, 32; but see (33)] in the DLPFC. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is schizophrenia.