PTEN and neoplasm: The tumor suppressor effect of PTEN is mainly reflected in its participation in multiple signal transduction pathways such as PTEN/PI3K/Akt, PTEN/ERK, and PTEN/FAK/P130cas, and suppressing tumor cell invasion and metastasis, halting cell cycle, and preventing tumor angiogenesis are only a few of the many roles it performs [24, 25].