AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: In HCC, TP53 mutation is associated with clinical features such as tumor differentiation, vascular invasion, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, and tumor stage, and TP53 mutation is also correlated to the tumor microenvironment and immune-related characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (Dong et al., 2017; Biton et al., 2018; Hong et al., 2020).