In our study, IL-18 is also enriched in the “role of IFN-beta in the inhibition of T helper 1 (Th1) cell differentiation in multiple sclerosis” pathway, and in this pathway, IL-18 plays a fundamental role in the differentiation of Th1 cells, which initiate signaling pathways that lead to Th1 cell differentiation and IFN-gamma production (Codarri et al., 2010). The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is multiple sclerosis.