Saline, vildagliptin therapy, and combined saline and vildagliptin in AKI significantly (P-value ≤ 0.01) reduced iNOS levels relative to the untreated AKI group, with an insignificant difference in iNOS levels between saline-treated compared to the vildagliptin treated groups. This evidence concerns the gene NOS2 and acute kidney injury.