In in vivo AML mouse models, anthracycline chemotherapeutic agents were observed to trigger ICD and transfer CRT from the nucleus to the surface of leukemia cells; cultured AML cells in vitro showed spontaneous release of HSP70/90.[146, 147] A study on CRT regulation in AML serum after anthracycline treatment found that this antibiotic causes release of an elastase‐inert N‐terminal CRT peptide into the serum. This evidence concerns the gene CALR and acute myeloid leukemia.