TGFB1 and neoplasm: As a high dose of GO-Y022 could induce apoptotic cell death in tumor cell lines (12), we first added GO-Y022 to cultured CD4+T cells and found that 0.25 μM GO-Y022 did not affect the cell viability (optical density [O.D.] 450 nM: DMSO treated = 0.222 ± 0.022, Curcumin treated = 0.225 ± 0.016, GO-Y022 treated = 0.223 ± 0.025) (Figure 1A) and apoptotic cell death in the presence of TGF-β (AnnexinV+ Propidium Iodide- population; DMSO treated = 6.46% ± 5.21%, GO-Y022 treated = 11.66% ± 4.39%, p-value = 0.1780) (Figures 1B, C).