TNF and neoplasm: Similarly, the synergy between 1.5 ng/ml TNF-α and 6.5 ng/ml IFN-γ (or 15 ng/ml TNF-α and 65 ng/ml IFN-γ) led to the polarization of bone marrow MSCs towards the pro-inflammatory Th1 phenotype, thus amplifying the anti-tumor immune response.