TNFAIP6 and colitis: Similar studies have also shown that 100 ng/ml TNF-α enhanced the secretion of TSG-6 by human iPSC-MSCs and bone marrow MSCs, initiated TSG6-related inflammatory pathways, mediated hyaluronan and CD44 interactions, suppressed inflammatory responses in an Akt-dependent manner, and promoted epithelial cell proliferation, thereby accelerating mucosal healing in a mouse model of colitis (39).