VCAM1 and endothelial dysfunction: Animal studies confirmed that dasatinib increased the biological activities of endothelial dysfunction markers (e.g., soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM-1], soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [ICAM-1], and soluble E-selectin), leading to minimization of hypoxic vasoconstriction and impairment of endoplasmic reticulum function (117).