For instance, ginsenoside Rb1 upregulates Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by activating the nuclear factor-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ARE pathway, which in turn attenuates acute kidney injury caused by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (Sun et al. 2012). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is kidney injury.