Clinical genetic analyses have shown that mutations in human genes involved in trans-ameloblastic calcium transport, including STIM1, ORAI1, and SLC24A4, can cause amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), an inherited defect that significantly affects enamel structure and functions (Parry et al., 2013; Seymen et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2014; Herzog et al., 2015; Lacruz and Feske, 2015; Jalloul et al., 2016; Prasad et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene SLC24A4 and amelogenesis imperfecta.