PTPN2 and infection: Taken together, these findings indicate that not only homozygous (thus complete) loss of PTPN2 in macrophages and IEC renders the host prone to more severe disease upon infection with enteropathogens, but partial loss of PTPN2 — akin to patients carrying PTPN2 loss of function variants — also renders the host unable to adequately respond to the infection.