VEGFA and neoplasm: VEGF (i) blocks lymphocyte trafficking across activated tumor endothelium by inducing clustering defects at the endothelial cell surface, (ii) inhibits tumor infiltration of the T cells via upregulation of the Fas ligand, (iii) induces proliferation in immune suppressors, viz., Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), etc. [232–234].