ITPK1 and Headache: These regions contain genetic variants that were mapped to multiple genome-wide significant genes with top SNPs P < 1.0 × 10–5 (C1orf61, MEF2D, NTRK1, CPS1, SERPINA2, SERPINA1, and ITPK1); many of these loci have been previously reported to be the nearest genes to a lead migraine SNP (Hautakangas et al. 2022) and headache SNP (Meng et al. 2018, 2021), thus further highlighting genes that may provide insight into the shared biology underlying the comorbidity of migraine and headache with glycemic traits.