ADSL and bacterial vaginosis: The latter guarantees mechanical protection against harmful pathogens41 as it embodies antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) associated with the innate and the adaptive immune system which represent the first line of defence against pathogen invasion42.The standard treatment for BV includes the use of antibiotics such as: metronidazole (MET), clindamycin (CLIN) or alternatively tinidazole (TI), which can be administered orally or intravaginally43.