FUS and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Although in our analysis we did not observe changes in global translation efficiency in cells with FUS R495X mutation (Supplementary Fig. S8), the hypermodification at these sites can contribute to the suppression of protein synthesis observed in mutant FUS-associated ALS patients, which so far was linked to increased binding of ALS-FUS mutant proteins to the polyribosome fraction as well as sequestration of proteins involved in translation into cytoplasmic mutant FUS inclusions3,54.