NPPB and atrial fibrillation: For the first two types of distributions, the high-risk cut-off points were easily identified with the help of force plots (Fig. 5I–P): the thresholds of CHA2DS2-VASc score, SBP, AF duration, HAS-BLED score, LAD and age were 2, 130 mmHg, 48 months, 2, 40 mm and 70 years, respectively; the threshold of NT-proBNP was 52.28 pg/mL, which was lower than its upper limit of medical reference (125.00 pg/mL).