Moreover, it would be interesting to see, if other kinases involved in proliferation and survival including p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases are also impaired by PFD in human CF as already shown for other human fibroblasts in the presence and/or absence of TGF-β1 (Conte et al. 2014; Guo et al. 2017; Haak et al. 2017; Hall et al. 2018; Shi et al. 2019; Zhou et al. 2019; Wu et al. 2021). The gene discussed is JUN; the disease is polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.