FOXA1 mRNA levels were lower in the livers of NAFLD patient groups and MCD diet-fed steatosis rats, and FOXA1 significantly reduced steatosis in human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells cultured with oleic and palmitic acids (72); FOXA2 expression was significantly reduced in liver tissue of patients with steatosis or NASH (73), but the expression of FOXA2 was increased in both HFD-fed mice and fa/fa rat models, and its levels were corrected by the insulin-sensitizing medication pioglitazone (74). This evidence concerns the gene INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.