Overexpression of PAD4 promoted apoptosis and increased the expression of p53 and GSK3β so as to increase the sensitivity of cells to doxorubicin (Fig. 12).342 Interestingly, PAD4 can also induce autophagy and increase LC3B expression in hepatocellular carcinoma, thus promoting cell chemoresistance (Fig. 12).343 Although PAD4 has different influence on drug resistance in different cancers, this evidence suggest that targeting PAD4 might be a feasible strategy to decrease drug resistance. The gene discussed is PADI4; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.