TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: The combination of mTOR inhibitor and vitamin D3 prevents bone destruction in RA.438,439 Notch signaling inhibitor LY411575 inhibits −1 and Notch-3 for treating collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats.440 Ahmad et al441 have reported that STAT3 inhibitor STA-21 reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in the peripheral blood of collagen-induced arthritis rats and increased the expression of IL-27 produced by CD14+ cells.