TNFRSF4 and neoplasm: While induction of CD431B11+ T cells induced by the single therapies in the blood circulation were comparable between tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearing mice, PDOX treatment amplified the response in tumor-bearing mice, indicating that tumor antigens and/or tumor-associated inflammation drives the synergy between anti-OX40/CpG and anti-PD-L1 blockade (Figure 3C).