HARS2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In this context, general type 2 diabetes (YT2+ OT2) was characterized by reduced expression of genes encoding for the mt-aaRSs: CARS2, DARS2, HARS2, IARS2, LARS2, NARS2, PARS2, TARS2, and VARS2 (Fig. 3.