After severe muscular damage, several mechanisms could be responsible for the development of acute renal failure, such as 1- the release of myoglobin that is potentially nephrotoxic, 2- the volume depletion due to fluid transudation from the extracellular compartment to the injured tissue, and 3- the activation of systemic inflammatory response and vasoactive factors [50]. The gene discussed is MB; the disease is acute kidney injury.