Moreover, further intracellular autoimmune targets have been identified such as glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and Amphiphysin in patients with the brainstem, extrapyramidal and spinal cord dysfunction, and in stiff-person syndrome respectively (Pittock et al., 2006; Geis et al., 2010). Here, AMPH is linked to stiff-person syndrome.