Considerable efforts have been made to develop bioreductive anticancer drugs, such as mitomycin C, E09, RH1, β-lapachone and 17AAG, that are activated specifically by NQO1 and thus preferentially kill cancer cells 16-24 by virtue of the unique ability of NQO1 to transfer two electrons using either NADH or NADPH as the reducing cofactor 25-27. This evidence concerns the gene NQO1 and cancer.