Various cancers can cause lymphangiogenesis, which is associated with increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factors as well as increased relative lymphatic vessel area (LVA) or lymphatic vessel density (LVD) (59, 116, 117) In this context, overexpression of genes related to lymphangiogenesis and increased LVD has been shown in cSCC compared to normal skin (118). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is cancer.