DHX15 and viral infectious disease: Similarly, DHX15, a gene upregulated after viral infections, which has been shown to bind RIG-I, increasing RIG-I activation, increased encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) replication (61), and the helicases DHX16 and DDX6, two proteins which recognize specific viral RNA to trigger RIG-I-dependent innate antiviral immunity negatively affect IAV, Zika and SARS-CoV-2 (62) and enterovirus (63) replication.