This review summarized the mechanisms and treatments of SIC, especially from the perspective of molecular biology, such as toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor κB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and etc. It is worth emphasizing that this review used another concept, sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, which was first proposed by Elio Antonucci in 2014 in an attempt to define sepsis-induced myocardial depression as a disease rather than a pathological condition (31). Here, TLR4 is linked to Sepsis.