MICOS13 and Barth syndrome: It was assumed that Barth syndrome and mitochondrial encephalopathy are caused by mutations in TAZ and MIC13, respectively (Jimenez-Blasco et al., 2020; Madreiter-Sokolowski et al., 2020; Sies and Jones, 2020; Vicente-Gutierrez et al., 2019; Zaninello et al., 2022), where perturbations of cristae architecture manifest as cristae vesicles/sheets (Acehan et al., 2011; Acehan et al., 2007).