PDGFD and atherosclerosis: Both Pdgfd KO and control (Pdgfd+/+, Myh11CreERT2, ROSAtdT/+, ApoE−/−, designated as Ctl) mice were administrated tamoxifen at the age of 8 weeks, followed by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 16 weeks to induce atherosclerosis (Fig. 3a).