Moreover, previous population-based case-control studies have suggested that FTO rs17817449 variants are associated with increased risks of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and onset of ESRD [41], while a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis revealed that the FTO rs56094641 locus had a significant association with susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy [42]. The gene discussed is FTO; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.