TNF and neuroblastoma: We have shown that proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induce the accumulation of GPC1-derived HS-anMan and APP-derived β-CTF and also aggregation of SYN in dividing neuroblastoma cells, neural stem cells, and neural progenitor cells (NPCs), while the nondividing cortical neurons are unaffected (Cheng et al.