We have shown that proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) induce the accumulation of GPC1-derived HS-anMan and APP-derived β-CTF and also aggregation of SYN in dividing neuroblastoma cells, neural stem cells, and neural progenitor cells (NPCs), while the nondividing cortical neurons are unaffected (Cheng et al. This evidence concerns the gene APP and neuroblastoma.