also found that patients with NSCLC who received NCT followed by surgery (NCT‐NSCLC) had higher infiltrating levels of epithelial CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD68+ epithelial and stromal tumor‐associated macrophages than patients who underwent upfront surgery (non‐NCT‐NSCLC). Here, CD4 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.