Therefore, to understand the benefit of bariatric surgery by RYGB in women with severe obesity and MS, whose inflammatory profile (adiponectin, resistin, leptin, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23) is available, an improvement in the understanding and description of the changes in the group of parameters before and after the surgery in this population is extremely important for clinical practice. The gene discussed is RETN; the disease is Obesity.