The 9 indicators verified by nomogram in this analysis, including pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain at 24 gw, parity, OGTT 2 h glucose at 24 gw, HDL and LDL at 24 gw, and plasma expression of CLUL1, VCAN and RNASE3 at 24 gw, are very meaningful in terms of identifying macrosomia risk in GDM. Here, VCAN is linked to Large for gestational age.